Working Principle Of Ultrasonic Cell Disruption Instrument

Ultrasound is a kind of elastic Mechanical wave in the material medium. It is a wave form, so it can be used to detect the physiological and pathological information of the human body, namely diagnostic ultrasound. At the same time, it is also a form of energy that, when a certain dose of ultrasound is transmitted within an organism, it interacts with each other. Ultrasound is an elastic mechanical sound in a material medium, and its effects on cells mainly include thermal effects, cavitation effects, and mechanical effects.
The thermal effect is that when ultrasound propagates in the medium, friction hinders the molecular vibrations caused by ultrasound, causing some energy to be converted into local high heat (42-43 ℃). This is because the critical lethal temperature of normal tissue is 45.7 ℃, and tumor tissue is more sensitive than normal tissue. Therefore, at this temperature, the metabolism of tumor cells is disrupted, and DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis are affected, thereby killing cancer cells without affecting normal tissue. The cavitation effect is the formation of vacuoles in organisms under ultrasound irradiation, which generate mechanical shear pressure and turbulence with the vibration and violent explosion of the vacuoles, causing tumor bleeding, tissue disintegration, and necrosis. In addition, when the cavitation bubble ruptures, it generates instantaneous high temperatures (about 5000 ℃) and high pressures (up to 500 × 104Pa) can cause thermal dissociation of water vapor to produce. OH free radicals and. H atoms. The Redox caused by. OH free radicals and. H atoms can lead to polymer degradation, enzyme inactivation, Lipid peroxidation and cell killing. The mechanical effect is the primary effect of ultrasound. During the propagation process of ultrasound, the alternating compression and extension of the medium particles constitute a pressure change, causing damage to the cell structure. The strength of the killing effect is closely related to the frequency and intensity of ultrasound.
At the same time, it is also a form of energy, which can cause changes in the function and structure of organisms through their interactions when a certain dose of ultrasound propagates within the organism, known as the ultrasound biological effect.
The principle of ultrasonic Cell disruption instrument is not too mysterious and complicated. Simply put, it is the conversion of electrical energy into sound energy through a transducer. This energy is transformed into dense small bubbles through a liquid medium (such as water), which quickly explode and produce energy like a small bomb, thereby playing a role in breaking down substances such as cells (commonly known as the "cavitation effect").